Portugal /ˈpɔrtjəɡəl/ (help·info), officially the Portuguese Republic (Portuguese Portuguese ( português or língua portuguesa) is a Romance language that originated in what is now Galicia and northern Portugal. It is derived from the Latin spoken by the romanized pre-Roman peoples of the Iberian Peninsula (namely the Gallaeci, the Lusitanians, the Celtici and the Conii) around 2000 years ago. It spread worldwide in the 15th: República Portuguesa),[4] is a country located in southwestern Europe Europe is, by convention, one of the world's seven continents. Comprising the westernmost peninsula of Eurasia, Europe is generally divided from Asia to its east by the water divide of the Ural Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian Sea, the Caucasus Mountains (or the Kuma-Manych Depression), and the Black Sea to the southeast. Europe is bordered on the Iberian Peninsula The Iberian Peninsula, or Iberia, is located in the extreme southwest of Europe and includes modern-day states Portugal, Spain, Andorra and Gibraltar and a very small area of France. It is the westernmost of the three major southern European peninsulas—the Iberian, Italian, and Balkan peninsulas. It is bordered on the southeast and east by the. Portugal is the westernmost country of mainland Europe Continental Europe, also referred to as mainland Europe or simply the Continent, is the continent of Europe, explicitly excluding European islands. Notably, in British English usage, the term means Europe excluding the United Kingdom, the Isle of Man, the Channel Islands, the Republic of Ireland and Iceland and is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean The Atlantic Ocean is the second-largest of the world's oceanic divisions. With a total area of about 106.4 million square kilometres , it covers approximately twenty percent of the Earth's surface and about twenty-six percent of its water surface area. The first part of its name refers to the Atlas of Greek mythology, making the Atlantic the & to the west and south and by Spain Spain (pronounced /ˈspeɪn/ spayn; Spanish: España, pronounced [esˈpaɲa] ( listen)), officially the Kingdom of Spain (Spanish: Reino de España), is a member state of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula.[note 6] Its mainland is bordered to the south and east by the Mediterranean Sea except for a small to the north and east. The Atlantic archipelagos An archipelago is a chain or cluster of islands that are formed tectonically. The word archipelago, is directly derived from the Greek ἄρχι- - arkhi- ("chief") and πέλαγος - pelagos ("sea"). In Italian, possibly following a tradition of antiquity, the Archipelago (from medieval Greek *ἀρχιπέλαγος) was of the Azores The Azores is a Portuguese archipelago in the Atlantic Ocean, about 1,500 km (930 mi) from Lisbon and about 3,900 km (2,400 mi) from the east coast of North America. The Monchique Islet on Flores Island, located at 31° 16' 24" W is regarded as the westernmost point in Europe, even though from a geographical standpoint, the two westernmost and Madeira Madeira is a Portuguese archipelago that lies between 32°22.3′N 16°16.5′W / 32.3717°N 16.275°W and 33°7.8′N 17°16.65′W / 33.13°N 17.2775°W in the north Atlantic Ocean. It is one of the Autonomous regions of Portugal, with Madeira Island and Porto Santo Island being the only inhabited islands. Madeira is part of the EU are also part of Portugal.
The land within the borders of today's Portuguese Republic has been continuously settled since prehistoric times The Prehistory of the Iberian peninsula begins with the arrival of the first hominins 1.2 million years ago and ends with the Punic Wars, when the territory enters the domains of written history. In this long period, some of its most significant landmarks were to host the last stand of the Neanderthal people, to develop some of the most impressive. Gallaeci The Gallaeci, Callaeci, or Callaici were a Pre- Roman Celtic single or various tribes living in the northwest of the Iberian Peninsula , North of the River Douro in Northern Portugal and Galicia (Spain). One of their main goddesses was Nabia, Lusitanians The Lusitanians were an Indo-European people living in the Western Iberian Peninsula long before it became the Roman province of Lusitania (modern Portugal south of the Douro River and what now is Extremadura in modern Spain). They spoke the Lusitanian language, and were either of Celtic origin or else became Celticized over time. The modern, Celtici The Celtici were a Celtic tribe of the Iberian peninsula, akin either to the Lusitanians and Gallaecians or the Celtiberians, living in what today are the provinces of Alentejo and the Algarve in Portugal, though some migrated north alongside the Turduli. Their presence was the result of a third or even fourth wave of migrations of Celts into, Cynetes The Cynetes or Conii were one of the Pre-Roman peoples of the Iberian Peninsula, living in today's Algarve and Low Alentejo regions of southern Portugal before the 6th century BCE, Phoenicians Phoenicia was an ancient civilization centered in the north of ancient Canaan, with its heartland along the coastal regions of modern day Lebanon, Syria and Israel. Phoenician civilization was an enterprising maritime trading culture that spread across the Mediterranean during the period 1550 BC to 300 BC. Though ancient boundaries of such city-, Carthaginians Carthage refers to a series of cities on the Gulf of Tunis, from a Phoenician colony of the 1st millennium BC to the current suburb outside Tunis, Tunisia Romans Ancient Rome was a civilization that grew out of a small agricultural community founded on the Italian Peninsula as early as the 10th century BC. Located along the Mediterranean Sea, it became one of the largest empires in the ancient world and many Germanic tribes The Germanic peoples are a historical ethno-linguistic group, originating in Northern Europe and identified by their use of the Indo-European Germanic languages, which diversified out of Common Germanic in the course of the Pre-Roman Iron Age. The descendants of these peoples became, and in many areas contributed to, the ethnic groups of North such as the Suevi The Suebi or Suevi were a group of Germanic peoples who were first mentioned by Julius Caesar in connection with Ariovistus' campaign, c. 58 BC; Ariovistus was defeated by Caesar, the Buri The Buri first appear in history as a Germanic tribe mentioned in the Germania of Tacitus, where they initially "close the back" of the Marcomanni and Quadi of Bohemia and Moravia. It is said that their speech and customs were like those of the Suebi. Such a statement implies that the Buri had recently come from Suebia, as the Germanic and the Visigoths The Visigoths were one of two main branches of the Goths, an East Germanic tribe; the Ostrogoths being the other. Together these tribes were among the barbarians who disturbed the late Roman Empire during the Migration Period. The romanized Visigoths first emerged as a distinct people during the fourth century, initially in the Balkans, where they, all left their influence on what is today Portuguese territory. The territory was integrated in the Roman Empire The Roman Empire was the post-Republican phase of the ancient Roman civilization, characterised by an autocratic form of government and large territorial holdings in Europe and around the Mediterranean. The term is used to describe the Roman state during and after the time of the first emperor, Augustus as the province of Lusitania Lusitania was an ancient Roman province including approximately all of modern Portugal south of the Douro river and part of modern Spain . It was named after the Lusitani or Lusitanian people (an Indo-European people). Its capital was Emerita Augusta (currently Mérida, Spain), and it was initially part of the Roman Republic province of Hispania and Roman settlers strongly influenced Portuguese culture, particularly the Portuguese language Portuguese ( português or língua portuguesa) is a Romance language that originated in what is now Galicia and northern Portugal. It is derived from the Latin spoken by the romanized pre-Roman peoples of the Iberian Peninsula (namely the Gallaeci, the Lusitanians, the Celtici and the Conii) around 2000 years ago. It spread worldwide in the 15th, mostly derived from Latin Latin is an Italic language originally spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. With the Roman conquest, Latin was spread to countries around the Mediterranean, including a large part of Europe. Romance languages such as Aragonese, Corsican, Catalan, French, Italian, Portuguese, Romanian, Sardinian, Spanish and others, are descended from Latin, while. In the 5th century, after the fall of the Roman empire The Roman Empire was the post-Republican phase of the ancient Roman civilization, characterised by an autocratic form of government and large territorial holdings in Europe and around the Mediterranean. The term is used to describe the Roman state during and after the time of the first emperor, Augustus, it was occupied by different Germanic tribes. In the early 8th century the Muslim A Muslim , pronounced /ˈmʊslɪm/, is an adherent of the religion of Islam. Literally, the word means "one who submits (to God)". Muslim is the participle of the same verb of which Islam is the infinitive. The feminine form is sometimes used as Muslimah (Arabic: مسلمة), especially in recent years.[citation needed] All Muslims Moors The description Moors has referred to several historic and modern populations of Muslim people of Berber, Black African and Arab descent from North Africa, some of whom came to conquer and occupy the Iberian Peninsula for nearly 800 years. The North Africans termed it Al Andalus, comprising most of what is now Spain and Portugal. Moors are not conquered the Christian A Christian (pronounced /ˈkrɪs.tʃən/ , /ˈkrɪs.ti.ən/) is a person who adheres to Christianity, an Abrahamic, monotheistic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth, who Christians believe is the Messiah (the Christ in Greek-derived terminology) prophesied in the Old Testament/Hebrew Bible, and the Son of God Germanic kingdoms, occupying most of the Iberian Peninsula The Iberian Peninsula, or Iberia, is located in the extreme southwest of Europe and includes modern-day states Portugal, Spain, Andorra and Gibraltar and a very small area of France. It is the westernmost of the three major southern European peninsulas—the Iberian, Italian, and Balkan peninsulas. It is bordered on the southeast and east by the. Later, during the Christian Reconquista The Reconquista was a period of nearly 800 years in the Middle Ages during which several Christian kingdoms of the Iberian Peninsula succeeded in retaking (and repopulating) the Iberian Peninsula from the Muslims.The Islamic conquest of the Christian Visigothic kingdom in the eighth century (begun 710–12) extended over almost the entire (Reconquering), the County of Portugal The County of Portugal was a political unit in in the Reconquista Iberian Peninsula. According to tradition, it was established by Vímara Peres after the reconquest of Porto in 868 and was incorporated in the Kingdom of Galicia in 1071, after the death of Count Nuno II Mendes . In 1093 the county of Portugal was offered by Alfonso VI of León and was settled, as part of the Kingdom of Galicia A Kingdom of Galicia existed in some form from the time the conquered Roman diocese of Hispania was divided between the Alans, Suebi and Vandals in 411 until the 1833 territorial division of Spain during the regency of María Cristina. The region of Gallaecia had been a Roman province since the administrative reforms of the Tetrarchy (293), and. Portugal emerged during the 12th century from this brief earldom and would establish almost its entire modern-day borders in 1249.
During the 15th and 16th centuries, with a global empire The Portuguese Empire was the first global empire in history. It was also the longest-lived of the modern European colonial empires, spanning almost six centuries, from the capture of Ceuta in 1415 to the handover of Macau in 1999 that included possessions in Africa Africa is the world's second-largest and second most-populous continent, after Asia. At about 30.2 million km² including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of the Earth's total surface area and 20.4% of the total land area. With a billion people (as of 2009, see table) in 61 territories, it accounts for about 14.72% of the World's human population, Asia Asia is the world's largest and most populous continent, located primarily in the eastern and northern hemispheres. It covers 8.6% of the earth's total surface area and with approximately 4 billion people, it hosts 60% of the world's current human population and South America South America is the southern continent of America, situated entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemisphere. It is bordered on the west by the Pacific Ocean and on the north and east by the Atlantic Ocean; North America and the Caribbean Sea lie to the northwest, Portugal was one of the world's major economic, political and military powers. In 1580 it was united with Spain The Cardinal Henry, Sebastian's great-uncle, became ruler in the immediate wake of Sebastian's death. Henry had served as regent for Sebastian after 1557, and succeeded him as king after the disastrous Battle of Alcácer-Quibir in 1578. Henry renounced his clerical offices and sought to take a bride for the continuation of the Aviz dynasty, but by a period called the Iberian Union Iberian Union is a modern day term that refers to the historical political unit that governed all of the Iberian Peninsula south of the Pyrenees from 1580–1640, through a dynastic union. This union was composed of the crowns of Portugal and Spain, after the Portuguese dynastic crisis and in a personal union of the crowns, along with their; however, in 1640 it went on to re-establish total sovereignty and independence during the Portuguese Restoration War Portuguese Restoration War was the name given by nineteenth-century 'romantic' historians to the war between Portugal and Spain that began with the Portuguese revolution of 1640 and ended with the Treaty of Lisbon (1668). The revolution of 1640 ended the sixty-year period of dual monarchy in Portugal and Spain under the Spanish Habsburgs. The that resulted in the establishment of a new dynasty and a return to the previous separation between the two crowns and empires.
The 1755 Lisbon earthquake The 1755 Lisbon earthquake, also known as the Great Lisbon Earthquake, took place on 1 November 1755, at around 10:24 in the morning. The earthquake was followed by a tsunami and fires, which caused near-total destruction of Lisbon in the Kingdom of Portugal, and adjoining areas. Geologists today estimate the Lisbon earthquake approached magnitude, Spanish The Spanish invasion of Portugal, between 9 May and 24 November 1762, was the principal military campaign of the Spanish–Portuguese War, 1761–1763, which in turn was part of the larger Seven Years' War. It initially involved the armies of Spain and Portugal, before the French and British intervened in the conflict on the side of ther and French invasions The Peninsular War was a contest between France and the allied powers of Spain, the United Kingdom, and Portugal for control of the Iberian Peninsula during the Napoleonic Wars. The war began when French armies invaded Portugal in 1807 and Spain in 1808 and lasted until the Sixth Coalition defeated Napoleon in 1814, which preceded the loss of its largest territorial possession abroad The Brazilian Declaration of Independence comprised a series of political events occurred in 1821-1825, most of which involved disputes between Brazil and Portugal regarding the call for independence presented by the Brazilian Kingdom. It is celebrated on September 7 - Independence Day, Brazil In the History of Brazil, Colonial Brazil comprises the period from 1500, with the arrival of the Portuguese, until 1815, when Brazil was elevated to United Kingdom with Portugal, resulted in both the disruption of political stability and potential economic growth The Economic history of Portugal covers the development of the economy over the course of Portuguese history to the present day. It had its roots previous to nationality, with trade and development of market economy in the roman provinces of Lusitania and Gallaecia, as producer and exporter to the roman Empire. It proceeded under the Visigoths and as well as the reduction of Portugal's international status as a global power during the 19th century. After the overthrow of the monarchy in 1910 The revolution of 1910 was a republican coup d'état that occurred in Portugal on 5 October 1910, which deposed King Manuel II and established the Portuguese First Republic, a republic was established The Portuguese First Republic spans a complex 16 year period in the history of Portugal, between the end of the Constitutional Monarchy marked by the 5 October 1910 revolution and the 28 May coup d'état of 1926. The last movement instituted a military dictatorship known as Ditadura Nacional (National Dictatorship) that would be followed by the that was then followed by a dictatorship. With the Portuguese Colonial War The Portuguese Colonial War , also known as the Overseas War in Portugal (Portuguese: Guerra do Ultramar) or in the former colonies as the War of liberation (Portuguese: Guerra de Libertação), was fought between Portugal's military and the emerging nationalist movements in Portugal's African colonies between 1961 and 1974. It was a decisive and the Carnation Revolution The Carnation Revolution , also referred to as the 25 de Abril, was a left-leaning military coup started on 25 April 1974, in Lisbon, Portugal, that effectively changed the Portuguese regime from an authoritarian dictatorship to a democracy after two years of a transitional period known as PREC (Processo Revolucionário Em Curso, or On-Going coup d'état in 1974, the ruling dictatorship was deposed in Lisbon and the country handed over its last overseas provinces (most prominently Angola and Mozambique in Africa); the last overseas territory, Macau, was handed over to China in 1999.
Portugal is a developed country [5] and it has the world's 19th-highest quality-of-life, according to The Economist Intelligence Unit. It is the 14th-most peaceful and the 13th-most globalized country in the world. It is a member of the European Union (joined the then EEC in 1986, leaving the EFTA where it was a founding member in 1960) and the United Nations; as well as a founding member of the Latin Union, the Organization of Ibero-American States, OECD, NATO, Community of Portuguese Language Countries, the European Union's Eurozone, and also a Schengen state.
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The Business Insider
Source: AP Portugal's economy is only two-thirds the size of Greece's small economy and accounts for just 2% of the Eurozone economy. ...
The Problem With the Euro Huffington Post (blog)
EU must get balance right if euro is to survive Irish Times
Exposure to Greece Weighs On French, German Banks Wall Street Journal
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Portugal on the southwestern periphery of the European continent is a medium sized EU member state Its population clocks in at 11th place out of 27 10 59 million in between Belgium s
Tony
Mon, 08 Mar 2010 21:03:46 GM
AP - . Portugal. announced new austerity measures Monday to avoid a debt crisis like the one engulfing Greece, cutting welfare benefits and...
Q. (Drive from Pretoria up to Egypt, and then through the Middle East, through Turkey, then through Eastern Europe, then through Germany France and Luxembourg, and Spain, and finallt arriving in Lisbon Portugal) How long would it take? How mnay kilometers of driving is it?
Asked by Irish Fecker F - Wed Jun 18 07:23:58 2008 - - 1 Answers - 0 Comments
A. That's the journey of a lifetime... With all the gigantic bureaucracies, corrupt border guards, armed militias, bandits, mainly in Africa, then the Middle East (!!!), I would say, minimum, 4 months...
Answered by Heteronimo - Wed Jun 18 17:21:39 2008
