Finland (pronounced /ˈfɪnlənd/ (help·info)), officially the Republic of Finland[4] Finnish: Suomi; Swedish: Finland (help·info), is a Nordic country The Nordic countries make up a region in Northern Europe and the North Atlantic which consists of Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden and their associated territories which include the Faroe Islands, Greenland, Svalbard and Åland. Scandinavia is sometimes used as a synonym for the Nordic countries, although within the Nordic countries situated in the Fennoscandian Fennoscandia and Fenno-Scandinavia are geographic and geological terms used to describe the Scandinavian Peninsula, the Kola Peninsula, Karelia and Finland. Geologically, the term also alludes to the underlying Fennoscandian Shield of Norway, Sweden, Finland, and northern Denmark, which is the exposed portion of the Baltic Shield that makes up the region of Northern Europe Northern Europe is the northern part or region of Europe. The United Nations defines Northern Europe as including the following countries and dependent regions:. It is bordered by Sweden c. ^ Since July 1, 2009 Five other languages are officially recognized as minority languages. They are: on the west, Norway Norway (pronounced /ˈnɔrweɪ/ ; Norwegian: Norge (Bokmål), Noreg (Nynorsk) or Norga (North Sami)), officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a country in Northern Europe occupying the western portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula, as well as Jan Mayen and the Arctic archipelago of Svalbard under the Spitsbergen Treaty. The majority of the country on the north and Russia Russia (pronounced /ˈrʌʃə/ ; Russian: Россия, tr. Rossiya, pronounced [rɐˈsʲijə] ( listen)), also officially known as the Russian Federation (Russian: Российская Федерация, tr. Rossiyskaya Federatsiya, pronounced [rɐˈsʲijskəjə fʲɪdʲɪˈraʦəjə] ( listen)), is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal on the east, while Estonia Estonia /ɛsˈtoʊniə/ (Estonian: Eesti), officially the Republic of Estonia (Estonian: Eesti Vabariik), is a country in Northern Europe. It is bordered to the north by the Gulf of Finland, to the west by the Baltic Sea, to the south by Latvia (343 km), and to the east by the Russian Federation (338.6 km). The territory of Estonia covers 45,227 lies to its south across the Gulf of Finland The Gulf of Finland is the easternmost arm of the Baltic Sea that extends between Finland (to the north) and Estonia (to the south) all the way to Saint Petersburg in Russia, where the river Neva drains into it. Other major cities around the gulf include Helsinki and Tallinn. The eastern parts of the Gulf of Finland belong to Russia, and some of. The capital A capital is the area of a country, province, region, or state, regarded as enjoying primary status; although there are exceptions, a capital is almost always a city which physically encompasses the offices and meeting places of the seat of government and fixed by law. Alternate terms include capital city and political capital; the latter phrase city is Helsinki Helsinki ( listen ; Swedish: Helsingfors, listen (help·info)) is the capital and largest city in Finland. It is in the southern part of Finland, on the shore of the Gulf of Finland, by the Baltic Sea. The population of the city of Helsinki is 583,484 (31 December 2009), making it the most populous municipality in Finland by a wide margin. The.
Around 5.4 million people reside in Finland, with the majority concentrated in the southern part of the country.[1] It is the eighth largest country in Europe in terms of area Albania · Andorra · Armenia2 · Austria · Azerbaijan1 · Belarus · Belgium · Bosnia and Herzegovina · Bulgaria · Croatia · Cyprus2 · Czech Republic · Denmark3 · Estonia · Finland · France1 · Georgia1 · Germany · Greece · Hungary · Iceland · Ireland · Italy1 · Kazakhstan1 · Kosovo5 · Latvia · Liechtenstein · Lithuania · and the most sparsely populated This is a list of countries and dependencies ranked by human population density, and measured by the number of human inhabitants per square kilometre or square mile. The list includes sovereign states and self-governing dependent territories based upon the ISO standard ISO 3166-1. The list also includes but does not rank unrecognized but de facto country in the European Union The European Union is an economic and political union of 27 member states, located primarily in Europe. Committed to regional integration, the EU was established by the Treaty of Maastricht on 1 November 1993 upon the foundations of the European Communities. With over 500 million citizens, the EU combined generates an estimated 30% share (US$ 18.4. The native language of nearly all of the population is Finnish Finnish ( suomi , or suomen kieli) is the language spoken by the majority of the population in Finland (92% as of 2006[update]) and by ethnic Finns outside Finland. It is one of the official languages of Finland and an official minority language in Sweden. In Sweden, both standard Finnish and Meänkieli, a Finnish dialect, are spoken. The Kven, which is part of the Finno-Ugric language family Finno-Ugric is a group of languages in the Uralic language family, comprising Estonian, Finnish, Hungarian and related languages. It comprises the Finno-Permic and Ugric language families and is most closely related to Estonian Estonian (eesti keel; pronounced [ˈeːsti ˈkeːl] ) is the official language of Estonia, spoken by about 1.1 million people in Estonia and tens of thousands in various émigré communities. It is an Uralic language and is closely related to Finnish. The language is one of only four official EU languages The languages of the European Union are languages used by people within the member states of the European Union. They include the twenty-three official languages of the European Union along with a range of others. The EU asserts that it is in favour of linguistic diversity and currently has a European Commissioner for Multilingualism, Leonard not of Indo-European The Indo-European languages are a family of several hundred related languages and dialects, including most major languages of Europe, languages of Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan and India, and historically also predominant in Anatolia and Central Asia. Attested since the Bronze Age, in the form of Mycenaean Greek and Anatolian languages, the Indo- origin. The second official language of Finland – Swedish Swedish ( svenska ) is a North Germanic language, spoken by approximately 10 million people, predominantly in Sweden and parts of Finland, especially along the coast and on the Åland islands. It is to a considerable extent mutually intelligible with Norwegian and to a lesser extent with Danish (see especially "Classification"). Along – is the native language Sometimes the term first language is used for the language that the speaker speaks best of 5.5% of the population.[5] Finland is a parliamentary A parliamentary system is a system of government where in the ministers of the executive branch are drawn from the legislature, and are accountable to that body, such that the executive and legislative branches are intertwined. In such a system, the head of government is both de facto chief executive and chief legislator republic Republicanism is the ideology of governing a nation as a republic, where the head of state is appointed by means other than heredity, often elections. The exact meaning of republicanism varies depending on the cultural and historical context. The sometimes contrary definitions are all covered in this article with a central government based in Helsinki and local governments in 342 municipalities.[6] A total of about one million residents live in the Greater Helsinki Greater Helsinki and the smaller Helsinki Metropolitan Area or (Finnish) Capital Region (Pääkaupunkiseutu, Huvudstadsregionen) refer to two regions of different size surrounding Helsinki, the capital of Finland. Greater Helsinki is sometimes incorrectly called (the) Helsinki Region due to an incorrect direct translation of the Finnish and area (which includes Helsinki, Espoo Espoo is the second largest city and municipality in Finland. The population of the city of Espoo is 244,353 (31 December 2009). It is part of the Helsinki Metropolitan Area along with the cities of Helsinki, Vantaa, and Kauniainen. Espoo shares its eastern border with Helsinki and Vantaa, while enclosing Kauniainen. Today, Espoo is the only, Kauniainen Kauniainen is a small town and a municipality of 8,487 inhabitants (30 June 2009) in the Helsinki Metropolitan Area, Finland. It is surrounded by the city of Espoo, in Greater Helsinki. Kauniainen was founded by a corporation in 1906, AB Grankulla, that parcelled land and created a suburb for villas; a similar scheme was used by Danderyd in, and Vantaa Vantaa is a city and municipality in Finland. Helsinki, Vantaa, Espoo, and Kauniainen make up the Helsinki Metropolitan Area), and a third of the country's GDP The gross domestic product or gross domestic income (GDI) is a basic measure of a country's overall economic output. It is the market value of all final goods and services made within the borders of a country in a year. It is often positively correlated with the standard of living, though its use as a stand-in for measuring the standard of living is produced there. Other major cities include Tampere Tampere (Finnish pronunciation: [ˈtɑmpere] ; Swedish: Tammerfors [tamərˈfɔrs] or [tamərˈfɔʂ]) is a city in southern Finland located between two lakes, Näsijärvi and Pyhäjärvi. Since the two lakes differ in level by 18 metres (59 ft), the rapids linking them, Tammerkoski, have been an important power source throughout history, most, Turku Turku (Finnish pronunciation: [ˈturku] ; Swedish: Åbo [ˈoːbu] ( listen)) is a city situated on the southwest coast of Finland at the mouth of Aura River. It is located in the region of Finland Proper. It is believed that Turku came into existence during the end of 13th century which makes it the oldest city in Finland. Turku was for a long, Oulu Oulu (pronounced [ˈoulu] ; Swedish: Uleåborg [ˈʉːleɔˌbɔrj], literally “Ule River Fort”) is a city and municipality of 137,370 inhabitants (30 June 2009) in the province of Oulu and the region of Northern Ostrobothnia, in Finland. It is the largest city in Northern Finland and the sixth largest city in the country. Its population growth, Jyväskylä Jyväskylä is a city and municipality located in Central Finland, 147 kilometres (91 mi) north-east of Tampere and 270 kilometres (170 mi) north of Helsinki, on northern coast of lake Päijänne. It is the capital of Central Finland. The site of many education-related firsts in Finland, Jyväskylä is known as a city of schools, the Athens of, Kuopio Kuopio is a Finnish city and municipality located in the region of Northern Savonia. A population of 91,845 makes it the ninth biggest city in the country. The city has a total area of 1,728.54 square kilometres , of which 604.51 km2 (233.40 sq mi) is water and half forest. The population density is only 82 /km2 (210 /sq mi), but the city's urban, and Lahti Lahti is a city and municipality in Finland.
Finland was historically a part of Sweden and from 1809 an autonomous Grand Duchy The Grand Duchy of Finland was the predecessor state of modern Finland that existed in its territory 1809–1917 as part of the Russian Empire within the Russian Empire The Russian Empire was a state that existed from 1721 until the Russian Revolution of 1917. It was the successor to the Tsardom of Russia, and the predecessor of the Soviet Union. It was the second largest contiguous empire the world has ever seen, surpassed only by the Mongol Empire, and the third largest empire the world has ever seen, surpassed. Finland's declaration of independence The Finnish declaration of independence was adopted by the Parliament of Finland on 6 December 1917. It declared Finland an independent and sovereign nation-state rather than an autonomous Russian Grand Duchy from Russia Russia (pronounced /ˈrʌʃə/ ; Russian: Россия, tr. Rossiya, pronounced [rɐˈsʲijə] ( listen)), also officially known as the Russian Federation (Russian: Российская Федерация, tr. Rossiyskaya Federatsiya, pronounced [rɐˈsʲijskəjə fʲɪdʲɪˈraʦəjə] ( listen)), is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal in 1917 was followed by a civil war The Finnish Civil War was a part of the national and social turmoil caused by World War I (1914–1918) in Europe. The war was fought in Finland from 27 January to 15 May 1918 between the forces of the Social Democrats led by the People's Deputation of Finland, commonly called the "Reds" (punaiset), and the forces of the nonsocialist,, wars against the Soviet Union and Nazi Germany The military history of Finland during World War II covers the history of Finland from 1939 to 1945. Finland fought three wars: the Winter War alone against the Soviet Union, the Continuation War with Nazi Germany against the Soviet Union, and the Lapland War against Germany. In the end, Finland managed to defend its independence and democratic, and a period of official neutrality during the Cold War The Cold War (1945–1991) was the continuing state of political conflict, military tension, and economic competition existing after World War II (1939–1945), primarily between the USSR and its satellite states, and the powers of the Western world, particularly the United States. Although the primary participants' military forces never. Finland joined the United Nations The United Nations Organization or simply United Nations (UN) is an international organization whose stated aims are facilitating cooperation in international law, international security, economic development, social progress, human rights, and the achieving of world peace. The UN was founded in 1945 after World War II to replace the League of in 1955, the OECD The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development is a Paris-based international economic organisation of 30 countries. Most OECD members are high-income economies with a high Human Development Index (HDI) and are regarded as developed countries in 1969, the European Union The European Union is an economic and political union of 27 member states, located primarily in Europe. Committed to regional integration, the EU was established by the Treaty of Maastricht on 1 November 1993 upon the foundations of the European Communities. With over 500 million citizens, the EU combined generates an estimated 30% share (US$ 18.4 in 1995, and the eurozone The eurozone ( pronunciation ), officially the euro area, is an economic and monetary union (EMU) of 16 European Union (EU) member states which have adopted the euro currency as their sole legal tender. It currently consists of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Portugal, since its beginning. Finland has been ranked the second most stable country in the world This is a list of countries by order of appearance in the Fund For Peace's Failed States Index. A failed state has several attributes. Common indicators include a state whose central government is so weak or ineffective that it has little practical control over much of its territory; non-provision of public services; widespread corruption and, in a survey based on social, economic, political, and military indicators.[7]
Finland was a relative latecomer to industrialization Industrialisation , Industrialization (American English), is the process of social and economic change whereby a human group is transformed from a pre-industrial society into an industrial one. It is a part of a wider modernisation process, where social change and economic development are closely related with technological innovation, particularly, remaining a largely agrarian Agriculture is the production of food and goods through farming. Agriculture was the key development that led to the rise of human civilization, with the husbandry of domesticated animals and plants creating food surpluses that enabled the development of more densely populated and stratified societies. The study of agriculture is known as country until the 1950s. Thereafter, economic development was rapid, and the country reached the world's top income levels in the 1970s. Between 1970 and 1990, Finland built an extensive welfare state. In the aftermath of the country's severe depression in the early 1990s, successive governments have changed the Finnish economic system through some privatisation Privatization is the incidence or process of transferring ownership of a business, enterprise, agency or public service from the public sector to the private sector (business). In a broader sense, privatization refers to transfer of any government function to the private sector including governmental functions like revenue collection and law, deregulation Deregulation is the removal or simplification of government rules and regulations that constrain the operation of market forces. Deregulation does not mean elimination of laws against fraud, but eliminating or reducing government control of how business is done, thereby moving toward a more free market, and tax cuts.
Finland is well placed in many international comparisons of national performance such as the share of high-technology manufacturing and health care.[8] The country is ranked 1st in the 2009 Legatum Prosperity The Legatum Prosperity Index is an annual ranking developed by the Legatum Institute of 104 countries, according to a variety of factors including wealth, economic growth, personal wellbeing, and quality of life. Finland topped the list of the 2009 report rating, which is based on economical performance and quality of life.[9]
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Q. I'm traveling from India to Finland by mid of April. Could you please tell me what would be the climate in Finland in April? Also what kind of clothing shall I take with me?
Asked by Vivin - Sun Feb 11 10:48:47 2007 - - 1 Answers - 0 Comments
A. Typically in mid-April the temperature is up to +10C (normally +2-6C) during day time, and it may get few Celsius degrees minus during night time. There should not be much (if not at all) of snow left in the ground by then (in southern Finland). You should prepare for rain also when choosing clothing. Allthough it does not rain so much in April normally. Clothing otherwise (if you are a male): If you wear a suit, you will need to bring a coat on top of that (rain coat type of coat is best, not very heavy but still protects from rain & wind). Otherwise during daytime you may manage only with sweater in some days, but prepare to have some sort of free time coat also (light coat). You do not need to prepare for freezing weather though. … [cont.]
Answered by marcleafhill - Sun Feb 11 12:52:56 2007
